\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
\usepackage{graphicx} %BIlder einbinden
\usepackage{amsmath} %erweiterte Mathe-Zeichen
\usepackage{amsfonts} %weitere fonts
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} %Umlaute & Co
\usepackage{hyperref} %Links
\usepackage{ifthen} %ifthenelse
\usepackage{enumerate}
\usepackage{listings}
\lstset{language=Python}

\usepackage{algpseudocode} %Pseudocode
\usepackage{dsfont} % schöne Zahlenräumezeichen
\usepackage{amssymb, amsthm} %noch stärker erweiterte Mathe-Zeichen
\usepackage{tikz} %TikZ ist kein Zeichenprogramm
\usetikzlibrary{trees,automata,arrows,shapes}

\pagestyle{empty}


\topmargin-50pt

\newcounter{aufgabe}
\def\tand{&}

\newcommand{\makeTableLine}[2][0]{%
  \setcounter{aufgabe}{1}%
  \whiledo{\value{aufgabe} < #1}%
  {%
    #2\tand\stepcounter{aufgabe}%
  }
}

\newcommand{\aufgTable}[1]{
  \def\spalten{\numexpr #1 + 1 \relax}
  \begin{tabular}{|*{\spalten}{p{1cm}|}}
    \makeTableLine[\spalten]{A\theaufgabe}$\Sigma$~~\\ \hline
    \rule{0pt}{15pt}\makeTableLine[\spalten]{}\\
  \end{tabular}
}

\def\header#1#2#3#4#5#6#7{\pagestyle{empty}
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.47\textwidth}
\begin{flushleft}
{\bf #4}\\
#5
\end{flushleft}
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.5\textwidth}
\begin{flushright}
#6 \vspace{0.5cm}\\
%                 Number of Columns    Definition of Columns      second empty line
% \begin{tabular}{|*{5}{C{1cm}|}}\hline A1&A2&A3&A4&$\Sigma$\\\hline&&&&\\\hline\end{tabular}\\\vspace*{0.1cm}
\aufgTable{#7}
\end{flushright}
\end{minipage}
\vspace{1cm}
\begin{center}
{\Large\bf Sheet #1}

{(Hand in #3)}
\end{center}
}



%counts the exercisenumber
\newcounter{n}

%Kommando für Aufgaben
%\Aufgabe{AufgTitel}{Punktezahl}
\newcommand{\Aufgabe}[2]{\stepcounter{n}
    \textbf{Exercise \arabic{n}: #1} (#2 Points)\\}


\begin{document}
    %\header{BlattNr}{Tutor}{Abgabedatum}{Vorlesungsname}{Namen}{Semester}{Anzahl Aufgaben}
    \header{7}{}{2015-06-25}{Intelligent Systems I}{\textit{Maximus Mutschler}\\ \textit{Jan-Peter Hohloch}
    }{SS 15}{2}
    \vspace{1cm}
    \Aufgabe{SEM}{40}
        \begin{enumerate}[(a)]
            \item \begin{tikzpicture}[->, node distance=2cm]
                \node[circle, draw] (V) {V};
                \node[circle, draw] (X) [below of=V] {X};
                \node[circle, draw] (Y) [right of=X] {Y};
                \node[circle, draw] (Z) [below of=X] {Z};
                \node[circle, draw] (W) [right of=Y] {W};

                \draw (V) -- (X);
                \draw (X) -- (Y);
                \draw (X) -- (Z);
                \draw (V) -- (W);
                \draw (Y) -- (W);
                \draw (Z) -- (W);
            \end{tikzpicture}
            \item \includegraphics[width=.8\textwidth]{xw.png}
        \end{enumerate}
    \Aufgabe{Causal effects}{60}
        \begin{enumerate}[(a)]
            \item see above
            \item Setting $\alpha$ to $0$ makes Z independent of X.\\
                Z is just random noise ($N_z$), so it is independent of X\qed
            \item \begin{align*}
                \frac{d}{dx}\mathds{E}\left(W|do\ X=x\right)&=-4\frac{d\mathds{E}(V|do\ X=x)}{dx}+0.5\frac{d\mathds{E}(Y|do\ X=x)}{dx}+2\frac{d\mathds{E}(Z|do\ X=x)}{dx}\\
                &=0.5\cdot\left(-1\right)+2\cdot\alpha\\
                &=2\alpha -0.5
            \end{align*}
            This is the slope of $W(x)$, which is only depending on $\alpha$.
        \end{enumerate}
\end{document}