diff --git a/text/thesis/01Introduction.tex b/text/thesis/01Introduction.tex new file mode 100644 index 0000000..443563a --- /dev/null +++ b/text/thesis/01Introduction.tex @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +\chapter{Introduction} +\section{Motivation} +%TODO: More explanation, maybe better link to the topic + \qq{Reading the mind} is something humanity is and always was exited about. Whatever one may think about the possibility of doing so as a human, computers have a chance to catch a glimpse of the (neuronal) activity in the human brain and interpret it.\\ + Here we use electroencephalography (EEG) to record brain activity and try to predict arm movements from the data.\\ + Using this as a brain-computer-interface (BCI) holds the possibility of restoring e.g. a lost arm. This arm could be used as before by commands constructed in the brain. In a perfect application there would be no need of relearning the usage. The lost arm could just be replaced.\\ + Another opportunity this technique provides is support of retraining the usage of the natural arm after stroke. If it is possible to interpret the brainwaves the arm can be moved passively according to the commands formed in brain. This congruency can restore the bodies own ability to move the arm as \cite{Gomez11} shows.\\ + In a slightly different context it might become possible to handle a machine (e.g. an industrial robot or mobile robots like quadrocopters) with \qq{thoughts} (i.e. brain activity) like an additional limb. One could learn to use the possibilities of the robot like the possibilities of his arm and hand to modulate something.\\ + Similar to that application it could be possible to drive a car by thought. This would lower the reaction time needed to activate the breaks for example. + + Using non-invasive methods like EEG makes it harder to get a good signal and determine its origin. However it lowers the danger of injuries and infections which makes it the method of choice for wide spread application (cf. \cite{Collinger13}). Modern versions of these caps even use dry electrodes which allow for more comfort without loosing predictive strength (cf. \cite{Yeung15}). So everybody may put on and off an EEG-cap without high costs (e.g. for surgery). + + Predicting synergies instead of positions or movement is nearer to the concept the nervous system uses. This should make them easier to predict while we can also use them to move an robotic arm or an quadrocopter. +\section{Scientific background} + \subsection{BCIs} + The idea of BCIs began to spread in the 1970s when Vidal published his paper (\cite{Vidal73}). diff --git a/text/thesis/mylit.bib b/text/thesis/mylit.bib index 3739c2b..1056291 100755 --- a/text/thesis/mylit.bib +++ b/text/thesis/mylit.bib @@ -10,3 +10,32 @@ journal = "Journal of Neurophysiology", year = "2006", } +@proceedings{Gomez11, + editor = "M. Gomez-Rodriguez and M. Grosse-Wentrup and J. Hill and A. Gharabaghi and B.Schölkopf and J. Peters", + title = "Towards Brain-Robot Interfaces in Stroke Rehabilitation", + year = "2011", + note = "2011 IEEE International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics; Rehab Week Zurich, ETH Zurich Science City, Switzerland, June 29 - July 1, 2011" +} +@article{Vidal73, + author = "Jacques J. Vidal", + title = "Toward direct Brain-Computer Communication", + year = "1973", + journal = "Annual Review of Biophysics and Bioengineering", + volume = "2", + pages = "157-180", +} +@article{Collinger13, + author = "J.L. Collinger and M.L. Boninger and T.M. Bruns and K. Curley and W. Wang and D.J. Weber", + year = "2013", + title = "Functional Priorities, Assistive Technology and Brain-Computer Interfaces after Spinal Cord Injury", + journal = "J. of Rehabilitation Research \& Development", + volume = "50", + pages = {145-160} +} +@proceedings{Yeung15, + editor = "A. Yeung and H. Garudadri and C. van Toen and P. Mercier and O. Balkan and S. Makeig and N. Virji-Babul", + year = "2015", + title = "Comparison of foam-based and spring-loaded dry EEG electrodes with wet electrodes in resting and moving conditions", + note = "Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE", + pages = {7131-4}, +} diff --git a/text/thesis/thesis.tex b/text/thesis/thesis.tex index 1517d56..068182f 100644 --- a/text/thesis/thesis.tex +++ b/text/thesis/thesis.tex @@ -13,6 +13,12 @@ \usepackage{latexsym} \usepackage[margin=10pt,font=small,labelfont=bf]{caption} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} +\usepackage{hyperref} +\usepackage{helvet} + +%\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} + +\newcommand{\qq}[1]{``#1''} \textwidth 14cm \textheight 22cm @@ -22,7 +28,7 @@ %\footskip 2cm \parskip0.5explus0.1exminus0.1ex -% Kann von Student auch nach pers\"onlichem Geschmack ver\"andert werden. +% Kann von Student auch nach persönlichem Geschmack verändert werden. \pagestyle{headings} \sloppy @@ -42,9 +48,9 @@ \begin{titlepage} \begin{center} - {\LARGE Eberhard Karls Universit\"at T\"ubingen}\\ - {\large Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakult\"at \\ -Wilhelm-Schickard-Institut f\"ur Informatik\\[4cm]} + {\LARGE Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen}\\ + {\large Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät \\ +Wilhelm-Schickard-Institut für Informatik\\[4cm]} {\huge Master Thesis Informatics\\[2cm]} {\Large\bf \title\\} {\large \subtitle\\[1.5cm]} @@ -53,12 +59,12 @@ {\small\bf Reviewers}\\[0.5cm] \parbox{7cm}{\begin{center}{\large Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Rosenstiel}\\ (Informatik)\\ - {\footnotesize Wilhelm-Schickard-Institut f\"ur Informatik\\ - Universit\"at T\"ubingen}\end{center}}\hfill\parbox{7cm}{\begin{center} + {\footnotesize Wilhelm-Schickard-Institut für Informatik\\ + Universität Tübingen}\end{center}}\hfill\parbox{7cm}{\begin{center} {\large Prof. Dr. Jan Benda}\\ (Biologie)\\ - {\footnotesize Institut f\"ur Neurobiologie\\ - Universit\"at T\"ubingen}\end{center} + {\footnotesize Institut für Neurobiologie\\ + Universität Tübingen}\end{center} } \end{center} \end{titlepage} @@ -72,8 +78,8 @@ \begin{minipage}{11.2cm} \textbf{Hohloch, Jan-Peter:}\\ \emph{\title}\\ Master Thesis Informatics\\ -Eberhard Karls Universit\"at T\"ubingen\\ -Thesis period: May-Okt 2016 +Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen\\ +Thesis period: May-Nov 2016 %TODO - adjust if necessary \end{minipage} \newpage @@ -94,6 +100,7 @@ \section*{Acknowledgements} Write here your acknowledgements. +% Martin, Rosenstiel, Bierbaumer(?) - Data, Nieselt for template, WSI, Fachschaft, Familie, ...? \cleardoublepage @@ -150,33 +157,41 @@ \chapter*{List of Abbreviations\markboth{LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS}{LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS}} \begin{tabbing} -% \textbf{FACTOTUM}\hspace{1cm}\=Schrott\kill -% \textbf{BLAST}\>Basic Local Alignment Search Tool \\ -% \textbf{...} \> ...\\ +\textbf{EEG}\hspace{1cm}\=Electroencephalography\\ +%\textbf{BMI}\> Brain-machine-interface \\ +\textbf{BCI}\> Brain-computer-interface \\ \end{tabbing} \cleardoublepage %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%% Der Haupttext, ab hier mit arabischer Numerierung -%%% Mit \input{dateiname} werden die Datei `dateiname' eingebunden +%%% Mit \input{dateiname} wird die Datei `dateiname' eingebunden %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% \pagenumbering{arabic} \setcounter{page}{1} -% %% Introduction -% \input{sec1} -% \cleardoublepage +%% Introduction +\input{01Introduction} +\cleardoublepage -% %% +%% Materials & Methods % \input{sec2} % \cleardoublepage -% %% +%% Results % \input{sec3} % \cleardoublepage +%% Discussion +% \input{sec4} +% \cleardoublepage + +%% future work +% \input{sec5} +% \cleardoublepage + %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%% Bibliographie @@ -196,14 +211,14 @@ %%% Erklaerung %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% \thispagestyle{empty} -\section*{Selbst\"andigkeitserkl\"arung} +\section*{Selbständigkeitserklärung} Hiermit versichere ich, dass ich die vorliegende Masterarbeit -selbst\"andig und nur mit den angegebenen Hilfsmitteln angefertigt habe und dass alle Stellen, die dem Wortlaut oder dem +selbständig und nur mit den angegebenen Hilfsmitteln angefertigt habe und dass alle Stellen, die dem Wortlaut oder dem Sinne nach anderen Werken entnommen sind, durch Angaben von Quellen als Entlehnung kenntlich gemacht worden sind. -Diese Masterarbeit wurde in gleicher oder \"ahnlicher Form in keinem anderen -Studiengang als Pr\"ufungsleistung vorgelegt. +Diese Masterarbeit wurde in gleicher oder ähnlicher Form in keinem anderen +Studiengang als Prüfungsleistung vorgelegt. \vskip 3cm